The Root Causes Of Terrorism

The Root Causes Of Terrorism Few events in history shape the way societies react to future anomalies, one such being, the attack on the Twin Towers in 2001.With this event followed a flurry of discussions on Terrorism in media, academia circles, and several other forums. The spill over effect was felt all across the globe in form of pre-emptive coercive military and diplomatic intervention by the super powers in states like Afghanistan, Iraq, and Pakistan. But with rising number of losses, both human and pecuniary, suffered by the society on the whole; is this strategy of intimidation coupled with aid addressing the root cause of the problem? Terrorism is one of the gravest challenges faced by the world today. Vast monetary resources in form of military as well as developmental aid have been diverted to counter this menace. In spite of the ostentatious expenditures sustained by the world community, have we been successful so far in quelling this threat? Leaders and academicians from wide spectrum of disciplines have been advocating for addressing the root causes of this phenomenon. Nevertheless, the question looming over this entire debate is what are the root causes of Terrorism? One of the key linkages of terrorism identified by the political ranks, especially after the 9-11 attacks was, terrorism and other forms of political violence are a product of economic and socio-political factors. US-President Bush (2002) argued that there is a vicious circle of political disenfranchisement, state failure and terror, saying that because [] persistent poverty and oppression can lead to hopelessness and despair [] these failed states can become havens for terror. Similarly, then-UK Prime Minister Blair (2004) argued: [] poverty and instability leads to weak states, which can become havens for terrorists []. (Krieger and Meierrieks 2010). The remarks discussed above open a new-fangled and a broader approach to addressing the problem. Terrorism is admittedly a very complex social phenomenon. It is the outcome of a set of quantitative as well as qualitative factors, which function at various levels of causation and where some of the factors are directly observable while others are latent (Drakos and Gofas April 2006). Although terrorism is a presumably multifaceted and multi-casual phenomenon lying between the nexus of war and peace, scholarly research on the causes of terrorism has all but escaped rigorous empirical analysis (OBrien June 1996) .Nevertheless, in this contribution I attempt to identify the plausible reasons for the emergence of terrorism. The study exposits the economic, social, and political factors which are considered to be the main causes of manifestation of terrorism based on the existing literature and widely held perceptions. I explore the empirical validity of the causes of terrorism using econometric methods and seek to establish results which could be used in formulating effective counter terrorism strategies. The Dissertation is divided into 4 sections. I first discuss the theoretical foundations of my work and then in the subsequent section move on to discussing the existing literature on this issue. The main focus of Section 3 is to show if there exists a relationship (even though casual) linking terrorism with economic, social and political conditions in various regions across the globe. In order to capture this relationship I estimate a panel regression for 109 countries from 1971 to 2005. Section 4 involves a detailed discussion of the problems associated with the estimated procedures and how results could have been affected by them. Lastly I conclude by summarizing my main findings and provide recommendations based on the empirical findings using the panel regressions Theoretical Foundation There are myriad circumstances capable of giving rise to terrorism. Terrorists exist in developed as well as less developed countries; in former colonial states and in independent ones; in democratic and in non democratic states and so on. This implies that one needs to incorporate a number of diverse conditions while trying to develop an understanding of Terrorism. This makes it difficult to arrive at any form of generalisation (Lia and Skjà ¸lberg 2000). In spite of this complexity, the causes of terrorism can be broadly explained by the following approaches1 -: Psychological Societal Geopolitical The Psychological approach focuses on the individual or a group of individuals decision to become a terrorist or join the terrorist group or sympathise with the ideology. Psycho-pathological and Psycho-sociological are two important approaches that fall under the psychological approach. The former treats an individual terrorist in isolation and accepts violent behaviour as a deviant characteristic. Such an advancement has been criticized not only for divesting terrorism completely from socio-economic and political setting, but also on empirical grounds (Lia and Skjà ¸lberg 2000).Authors such as Wintrobe (2006), Frey and Luchinger (2004) while criticizing the psycho-pathological approach argue that terrorists are indeed rational beings and operate on the basis of a cost-benefit principle. The Psycho-sociological approach on the other hand relates psychological factors and the societal environment [Wilkinson, Paul 1990]. Several others, such as Crenshaw (1990), Stedman (1997) also arg ue in favour of combining psychological and environmental factors on various stratums to arrive at any comprehensive theory of the causes of terrorism. Under the above mentioned framework theories such as the relative deprivation theory [Piazza, A James (2004)], Contagion theory [Weimann and Brouiss (1988)] are the most widely used premise to explain the phenomenon of terrorism. The relative deprivation1 theory emphasizes deprivation in form of poverty, health, life expectancy and etc as major causes of terrorism. The contagion theory on the other hand considers terrorism to be duration dependant i.e. terrorism being far from random (Lia and Skjà ¸lberg 2000); There exists voluminous empirical evidence suggesting the relevance of the contagion theory1. Societal approach lays emphasis on the historical and present social, cultural, economical, political, in short overall environmental development of any given region. Under the societal approach, factors such as modernization, globalization, urbanization, economic development, state legitimacy, politics etc are assumed to be primary in explaining terrorism [Crenshaw 1990a, 1995]. Critics of the societal approach often argue that the relationship between terrorism and the factors treated under the societal approach are at best casual. Lastly the geo-political approach essentially relates to International Terrorism. This approach considers factors such as state sponsorship of terrorism, hegemony and weak and collapsed state as major causes of terrorism. Works of Volgy et al., Guelke, have pioneered in using the geo political approach to explain the phenomenon of terrorism. The opportunity cost model is one of the extensively used models in economics to analyse the causes of terrorism. In this work I use the same microeconomic opportunity cost model presented by Freytag Kruger and Schneider (2008), Anderton, Charles H; Carter, John R (2004)]. As I will show in discussions to follow, that such a treatment is indeed capable of encompassing the theories explained by the various approaches discussed above, hence making it ideal for usage in my analysis. Also, while formulating policies for counter terrorism strategies the usage of opportunity cost model assumes even a greater level of importance [Bruno S. Frey and Simon Luechinger (2003)] The traditional microeconomic framework looks at the decision making calculus and goals of an individual terrorist, as well as a group of terrorists and their sympathisers. One of the basic assumptions of this framework is that terrorist or the terrorist organizations are rational decision makers (essentially adhering to the rational choice model1) who have preferences over terrorism as well as ordinary activities [Anderton, Charles H; Carter, John R (2004)]. Incentives for an individual terrorist differ from that of the leaders who organize the terror. The opportunity costs of a leader of the terrorist organization are not measurable directly; violence for them is just a means to an end (Harrison, 2006).Thus their opportunity costs are reflected in their ability to use violence. Since the ability to use violence depends on the involved economic costs which inturn depends on the environment, hence we can conclude that the societal environment indirectly reflect the opportunity cost f acing a leader. On the contrary, for an individual terrorist, incentives could be the solidarity that the group provides or the economic rewards that the he or she may be able to reap from terrorism or otherwise .His or hers opportunity cost in fact would be directly reflected in the societal environment. How an individual decision making dilemma can have an implication for the various subgroups on the whole is as follows. For any organization to survive, it is the preferences of their recruits or the volunteers that matter the most since they are being directly affected by their own actions as against the leader. Hence by analysing the individual choice problem we are in a way capturing the choices faced by the various sub-groups on the whole. Given this I focus on an individual faced with 2 choices either to become a terrorist or consume material rewards. I assume that there exists a set of rewards (mental) that an individual can gain from committing an act of terror or sympathising with the cause. On the other hand an individual by not becoming a terrorist can reap the benefits of employing his energies in other productive activities. I represent this in the figure shown below. The decision to become a terrorist or not depends on the shape of the utility curve. A high preference for terrorism would imply greater their willingness to some material rewards to achieve an increment to mental rewards; they would have steep indifference curves in the utility space. Non-terrorists receive no utility or even disutility from terrorism, so their indifferences curves would be flat or upward sloping. The shape of the utility curve determines the strength of the substitution and the income effect. For any terrorist the utility maximization problem can be written down in the following manner: Argmax. (T, O) U (1) Subject to R = Pt T + Po O (Budget Line) 1(eyerman) (2) Where R denotes the total resources; Pt and Po denote the respective prices of terrorism1 (terrorism as a public good and its pricing) and composite good respectively; T denotes the quantity of terrorism and O denotes the quantity of composite good. In fig 1 for any individual the utility is maximized at point A. Now suppose that the GDP, democracy or education etc increase. This increases the material wealth available to the person there by increasing the opportunity cost of terrorist activities. The budget line pivots around the point D and the new budget constraint is DF with the new equilibrium level being at point C. Similarly, when opportunity cost of terrorist activities fall, the budget constraint becomes flatter (shown by DG) and this over all increases the preferences for mental rewards otherwise Terrorism. The corner solution given by point D shows the maximum level of utility that a person can achieve by committing a terrorist attack. As noted by [Kruger et al (2008)] this is the point at which an individual chooses to commit suicide bombing. Mental Rewards Source: The origins of terrorism One can also represent this choice problem using an inter-temporal budget constraint. Assuming that the terrorists have a two-period horizon and must choose between terrorist activities today (T0) and tomorrow (T1) based on resources today (R0) and tomorrow (R1), the inter-temporal budget constraint1 [Walter Enders* Todd Sandler 2002] is given by: T1 = R1 + (1+ r) (R0- T0), Where r is the interest rate. (3) In the above equation tomorrows terrorism equals tomorrows resource endowment plus the earnings on savings from the initial period. The inter-temporal budget constraint framework can be used to explain the contagion effects via effects such as the inter-temporal substitution effects. Hence any shift or a tilt in the budget line DE would either raise or lower the opportunity cost of terrorism. The changes in the budget line are due to changes in the economic, social or political factors, and other factors which fall under the various approaches discussed in the first paragraph of this section. One can also restate the above mechanism in the following way, the utility that an individual derives from being peaceful or being violent depends upon the environment that the individual functions in. This is because the opportunity costs for being violent or peaceful facing an individual depend on macro variables affecting the settings that he or she operates under. These macro variables as we have seen can be either country specific or globally universal. This essentially gives us a new equation for the utility of the form (4) Where is a vector of macro variables that affect the opportunity cost of an individual; represents the vector of coefficients which suggest the magnitude and the direction of the relationship that each macro variable shares with the utility that an individual attains from being either peaceful or violent; is the error term in the equation depicting the other factors which may effect the utility. As seen earlier, factors identified by the theories listed above such as poverty, globalization, geopolitical-setting, urbanization etc. can be used to explain the phenomenon of terrorism by using the traditional framework of opportunity cost Thus the challenge lies in identifying the key macro variables which affect the opportunity cost. But before moving on to empirically testing the relevance of the macro variables effecting terrorism, I now review the existing literature in the subsequent section. Existing Literature one mans terrorist is another mans freedom fighter problem (Jenkins 1982; Hoffman 1998).

Collaboration and Innovation at Procter & Gamble Case Study

Collaboration and Innovation at Procter & Gamble CASE STUDY 1. What is Procter & Gamble’s business strategy? What is the relationship of collaboration and innovation to that business strategy? i. Proctor and Gamble’s business strategy focuses on three main areas. This is to maintain the popular the popularity of its existing brands through advertising and marketing; the extension of its brand to related products by developing new products and the creation of new brands from scratch.To achieve these, the company aims to facilitate collaboration between researchers, marketers and managers. ii. By fostering interaction among employees P&G fosters informed decision making and the sharing of ideas and information which ultimately leads the company to produce quality products. 2. How is P&G using collaboration systems to execute its business model and business strategy? List and describe the collaboration systems and technologies it is using and the benefits of each i.P&G res earchers use collaborative tools to share data on various brands they have collected which allows marketers to access this data to create better targeted ad campaigns and likewise managers access data shared t be able to make informed decisions. ii. – P&G use a suite of Microsoft products such as MS Outlook, MS SharePoint and others that have unified communication and integrate services through voice and data transmissions and allow for instant messaging, email and electronic conferences, web conferencing with live meeting, and content management. P&G use social networking innovations -P&G uses blogs instead of emails that are open to anyone interested in their content and attract comments from others. – The company uses Connect beam which is a search tool that allows employees to share bookmarks and tag content with descriptive words that appear in future searches, and facilitates social networks of coworkers to help them find and share information more effectively â €“ It also uses InnovationNet which contains over 5 million research-related documents in digital format accessible through a browser-based portal. P&G have also adopted Cisco Telepresence conference rooms across the globe that allows researchers to communicate and share data. Some benefits of the Cisco Telepresence include the reduction of travel cost, efficient flow of ideas and quick decision making. 3. Why were some collaborative technologies slow to catch on at P&G? Some collaborative tools were slow for P&G because employees resisted to the collaborative tool because in their opinion that would create more work and delays.Employees were more accustomed to emails 4. Compare P&G’s old and new processes for writing up and distributing the results of a research experiment. Researchers under the old process wrote up their experiments using MS Office tools then print them out and glue the papers page by page into notebooks or they would simply paste results of experiments into word documents and pass them out. Also data and speech recordings are entered into MS PowerPoint and emailed to employees.In the new method however, employees use a collaborative tool such as InnovationNet which contains over 5 million research- related documents in digital format accessible to employees via a browser-based portal. Also P&G uses a Microsoft SharePoint page where all presentations are posted. These presentations are stored in a single location and accessible to employees and colleagues in other parts of the company. 5. Why is telepresence such a useful collaborative tool for a company like P&G?Telepresence is a useful collaborative tool for P&G because it helps to foster collaboration between employees across continents and leads to reduction in travel cost, efficient flow of ideas and quick decision making. 6. Can you think of other ways P&G could use collaboration to foster innovation? Proctor and Gamble could use virtual world technology which creates online 3-D environments populated by employees who have in-built graphical representations of themselves known as avatars.P&G can use this virtual world to house online meetings, training sessions, and â€Å"lounges. † Real-world people represented by avatars meet, interact, and exchange ideas at these virtual locations. Communication takes place in the form of text messages similar to instant messages. P&G could also use Google Apps or Google Sites which is a collaborative that allows users to quickly create online, group-editable web sites in minutes and post a variety of files including calendars, text, spreadsheets, and videos for private, group, or public viewing and editing.Also Google a software such as called Google Wave which is part conversation and part document can be used as a collaborative tool. Researchers or any participant of a wave can reply anywhere in the message, edit the content, and add or remove participants at any point in the process. Users are able to see responses from other participants on their â€Å"wave† while typing occur, accelerating the pace of discussion.

The History of The Wanderer Essay Topics Refuted

The History of The Wanderer Essay Topics Refuted Once you receive an idea, the practice of writing will be much simpler. Obviously, the area of business is quite wide. Writing about nuclear weapons is always a great idea. Even if a particular research paper topic is getting plenty of buzz at this time or other folks seem interested in writing about it, don't feel tempted to make it your topic if you don't genuinely have some type of interest in it also. The Hidden Gem of the Wanderer Essay Topics The thesis gives you a guideline about how to go about with writing the essay. Colleges can tell whenever your essay is merely a form essay. Researching the topic permits you to find out more about what fascinates you, and should you pick something you truly like, writing the essay will be more enjoyable. In open-ended essay assignments, selecting an essay topic gets crucial to the total success of the bit of writing. Whatever college essay topic you select or are assigned, the secret is to compose a very good stand-out essay. You don't need to acquire super technical with legal argumentative essays, but be certain to do your homework on what the recent laws about your favorite topic actually say. Whatever They Told You About the Wanderer Essay Topics Is Dead Wrong...And Here's Why The very best thing is to decide on a topic that will provide you with an opportunity to present new ideas or a fresh perspective on a problem. Deciding upon a topic is a critical issue that partly estimates final success of the job. Write about a problem you have or wish to address. Don't neglect to explain why the challenge is valuable to you! Who Else Wants to Learn About the Wanderer Essay Topics? Ensure you make a comprehensive interpretation of each process in the most fascinating way so to capture the interest of your reader. It's possible to also restate the ideas which you've discussed in the body parag raphs in order to make your point valid. The goal isn't just to inform but to present personal reflection and philosophies throughout the story-telling too. Colleges want a feeling of maturity and introspectionpinpoint the transformation and demonstrate your private growth. the Wanderer Essay Topics The primary aim of topic choice for a proposal essay is to show the idea can be put into place in practice. Seek advice from your teacher if you happen to have any questions about this issue you have decided on. Obviously, you can pick any topic, nobody could ever know that you're describing experience that you never actually had, but don't forget that it is always simpler to tell the truth than to invent lies. Well, the response isn't too obvious here. The Truth About the Wanderer Essay Topics Remember your essay is about solving problems, thus a solution ought to be a highlight of the essay. The introduction should offer general information which will be included in the report. Always offer you concrete solution and expound to your reader why it's the optimal solution. Your reader ought to know that your solution isn't just the best from any other solution. however, it is affordable, feasible etc.. The Dirty Truth on the Wanderer Essay Topics You are able to just write about your extracurricular pursuits. Curriculum proposal topics is a means to try. For instance, a sociology professor may supply an overall topic like the effects of poverty in urban environments. One particular important and appropriate subject is technology. The War Against the Wanderer Essay Topics It's important to select debatable argumentative essay topics as you need opposing points that you may counter to your own points. A proposal essay is extremely easy to comprehend. Informative essays are somewhat more descriptive. An argumentative essay is a certain kind of academic writing. A paper is always simpler to write if you're interested in this issue, and you'll be more motivated to do in-depth research and compose a paper that genuinely covers the whole subject. Below are the three most important aspects to consider to guarantee you select the very best research paper topics. Not all research paper topics are made equal, and you would like to be sure you pick an excellent topic before you commence writing. Before you commence writing a single word of your paper, you first will need to understand what your thesis will be. The Battle Over the Wanderer Essay Topics and How to Win It So you don't actually wish to obtain a topic! Try out another topic and do the exact 5-minute writing test till you locate a topic you know you can readily write on. The topic has to be interesting, the topic has to be essential and finally the topic has to be informative. Quite frequently, the very best topic is one which you truly care about, but you also will need to get w ell prepared to research it. The only rule to follow when picking a topic for your college essay is to select the topic you're eager to write about. An argumentative essay requires you to choose a topic and have a position on it. Before studying the top rated informative essay topics, it's important to ask what makes an excellent topic. Selecting the most suitable topic for a persuasive speech may be not such an easy matter to do as it might seem. Thanks to the correct option of presentation style and a thorough understanding of the goals you wish to accomplish in your essay, there are many categories essay themes may be broken into. 1 important thing you ought to do when writing your essay is to ensure it is personal. So without further ado, below are some effective writing tips to produce your common app essay stick out! In general, you can observe that writing a persuasive essay isn't a brain surgery. The War Against the Wanderer Essay Topics The success of a research paper mostly is dependent upon the topic, which is why a number of time is spent searching for the correct research paper topics for college students. Very often it becomes tough to choose 1 topic either due to the many ideas in the student's head, or due to their complete absence. Argue that public higher education has to be free for everybody. F. Bacon The main intention of the capital isn't to get as much money as possible, yet to guarantee that money results in a better life.

Pablo Neruda - 2632 Words

Verb I’m going to wrinkle this word, I’m going to twist it, yes, it is much too flat it is as if a great dog or great river had passed its tongue or water over it during many years. I want that in the word the roughness is seen the iron salt The de-fanged strength of the land, the blood of those who have spoken and those who have not spoken. I want to see the thirst Inside the syllables I want to touch the fire in the sound: I want to feel the darkness of the cry. I want words as rough as virgin rocks. Verb I’m going to wrinkle this word, I’m going to twist it, yes, it is much too flat it is as if a great dog or great river had passed its tongue or water over it during many years. I want†¦show more content†¦On the other hand, the journalist could have written, â€Å"An officer killed a man in the line of duty. The black man was instigating a group against the officer putting his physical well being at risk.† In both cases, the journalist accomplished his objective of informing the readers. However, the context and the form have been changed dramatically influencing the audience in a very different way. In the poem â€Å"Verb,† the author’s pleading is to not disguise the reality, for horrific it could be, but with pretty, condescending, and soft words. Consider the following stanza: It’s too smooth, As if the tongue Of a big dog or a big river’s water Had washed it For years and years. Have you ever seen how a dog’s tongue smoothes out a bone? Once the bone loses shape and hardness, the dog loses interest in the bone. Have you ever seen a stone in the river? Through years the stone becomes flat, soft, even beautiful in its smoothness, but at the same time it loses its roughness, which is one of the main characteristics of the stone. This is what Neruda is suggesting about language. Neruda uses figurative language to denounce the fault of smoothing out words and by doing this he delivers a message that without strength, roughness, and intensity words aren’t as powerful or truthful. For this reason, the poem finishes as, â€Å"I want rough words / like virginal stones† (22-23). This means words, like stones beforeShow MoreRelatedBiography of Pablo Neruda Essay1063 Words   |  5 PagesPablo Neruda Pablo Neruda was a poet who used his work to educate people on what life was really about, and that choice made him a controversial figure in South America. Like every author he did face criticism, but his wasn’t negative. He was a great political figure, and many people looked up to him for wisdom. BIOGRAPHY Nefali Ricardo Reyes Bausualto was born on July 12, 1904 in Parral, Chile. Less than a month after his birth, his mother Rosa lost her long battle with Tuberculosis and diedRead MorePablo Neruda and Love962 Words   |  4 Pagesbut to Neruda it is a whole different animal. While it brings pictures of pure joy and happiness, it conveys something that seems so strange and obscure to a normal perception. Neruda has a way of showing love more realistically compared to the fairy tale love that everyone thinks of. Throughout Neruda’s poems he defines love as something extremely complex that is unpredictable in its ways. He makes love seem very back-and-forth, as if it continues to change his mind on love itself. Neruda does useRead MoreThe Chilean Poet Pablo Neruda2067 Words   |  9 PagesThe poems by the Chilean poet Pablo Neruda remain significant in contemporary times through their use of continuing poetic love metaphors and discussion of love. This analysis focuses on Neruda ’s language and word choice itself in the absence of a historical, political or even a highly contextual personal examination. His love poems in particular, such as in his books One Hundred Love Sonnets, Twenty Love Poems and a Song of Despair and The Captain’s Verses all help one in viewing the world anewRead MoreIf You Forget Me By Pablo Neruda1479 Words   |  6 PagesProfessor D. Sarmiento English 110 September 28, 2016 Never Forget Me Many of us have felt that our view of love frequently changes. Pablo Neruda’s â€Å"If You Forget Me† is a great depiction of how love can be viewed from two different aspects. Neruda talks to his lover in a very romantic yet threatening way. He does this by being straight forward and detailed in his poem. Neruda starts the piece by presenting a loving and romantic picture for his lover, reminding her how much he loves her. However, as heRead More Similarities in I Do Not Love You Except Because I Love You by Pablo Neruda and Much Ado About Nothing by Shakespeare584 Words   |  2 PagesYou Except Because I Love You† by Pablo Neruda uses many literary techniques to get its point across, and inadvertently relates to Shakespeare’s famous comedy â€Å"Much Ado About Nothing.† Neruda’s poem is filled with literary techniques that help the reader understand it’s meaning. First, this poem combines two general poetry types: it is a narrative poem because it tells a story and it is a lyric poem because it includes the writer’s feelings and passion. Also, Neruda includes a set time frame, â€Å"MaybeRead MorePablo Neruda1648 Words   |  7 PagesPablo Neruda 12-5-11 ENG 204: Survey of World Literature 17th Century to the Present Section 01 Prof. Karpuk Pablo Neruda, a twentieth century Latin American poet did not limit his writing to one area of topics. After reading his poems he seems to be a very cultural poet that was influenced by politics, love, nature, and anything that evoked emotion. What sets Pablo Neruda apart from other poets is his use of figurative language, which brings his poetry to life and provides vivid visualRead MoreThe Poetry Of Pablo Neruda1061 Words   |  5 PagesBasoalto, also known as Pablo Neruda was born on July 12, 1904 in a small town in Chile. Neruda’s mother died shortly after his birth, leaving him in the care of his father. Neruda began to write at the age of ten. Gabriela Mistral, who would later become a Nobel Prize winner, recognized Neruda’s talents by giving him books and encouragement he did not have at home. In his early teen years, he began to publish his writings under the name of what we know as â€Å"Pablo Neruda† in memory of the CzechoslovakRead MoreThe Egoist By Pablo Neruda Summary1293 Words   |  6 PagesWritten Assignment: The Hallucinatory Self in â€Å"The Egoist† by Pablo Neruda Philosophers as ancient as Plato and Socrates have pondered the soul for millennia. After all, every person appears to possess an unchanging self. Why else would languages universally utilize the pronouns, â€Å"I† and, â€Å"you?† However, conversely, other theorists such as David Hume and Buddha, inquiring what one can truly classify as their persona, have considered the self an illusion. From their perspective, though humans naturallyRead More Pablo Neruda Essay1274 Words   |  6 PagesThe ‘Fickle’ One? On his birthday in July of 1954, Pablo Neruda confessed to the University of Chile that it is worthwhile to have struggled and sung, it is worthwhile to have lived because I have loved (Neruda 331). In nearly all of his works, Neruda attests to the simplicity, valor, and importance of love, whether for country, common things, or another human being. Throughout South America, he was known as un poeta del pueblo, a poet of the people, and his talent for composing such passionateRead MoreThe Word By pablo Neruda985 Words   |  4 Pageslanguage. What do these suggest about the human need to communicate through narrative? A Personal/Analytical Response using the text â€Å"The Word† by Pablo Neruda Born to Speak Since the age of Adam and Eve, humans have had a natural instinct to communicate and this is part of what sets us apart from other species. In the poem The Word, by Pablo Neruda, the author personifies the word by stating how it’s â€Å"born in the blood† and that it â€Å"grew in the dark body†. This leaves the reader with the impression